10.658. Ông Nguyễn Phú Trọng vào danh sách kẻ thù của tự do
báo chí
Tổng bí thư Nguyễn Phú Trọng của
Đảng cộng sản Việt Nam bị liệt vào danh sách 35 nhân vật bị tố cáo là kẻ thù
của tự do báo chí trên thế giới.
Danh sách này do tổ chức Phóng viên
Không Biên Giới (RSF) đưa ra hôm nay, nhân ngày Quốc tế Chấm dứt Tội ác
Chống lại Báo giới.
Ảnh
chụp màn hình website Tổ chức Phóng viên Không Biên Giới
35 nhân vật đó bao gồm các nguyên
thủ quốc gia, chính trị gia, những người đứng đầu các tôn giáo, các tổ chức tội
phạm kiểm duyệt, bỏ tù, tra tấn hoặc giết nhà báo.
Ông Christophe Deloire, Tổng thư ký
của Phóng viên Không Biên Giới cho biết kẻ thù của tự do báo chí là những người
luôn chà đạp quyền tự do báo chí và áp dụng những tội ác tồi tệ nhất đối với
các nhà báo.
Theo ông, cách để xóa bỏ tình trạng
đó là chỉ định một đại diện đặc biệt của Liên Hiệp Quốc để bảo vệ các nhà báo.
Trong quá khứ, những nhân vật bị cho
là kẻ thù của tự do báo chí gồm có chủ tịch hoặc thủ tướng các nước như
Singapore, Thái Lan, Cuba, Eritrea, Burundi, Cộng hòa Dân chủ Congo và Nam
Sudan.
Trong bản danh sách mới được đưa ra,
có Tổng thống Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Recep Tayyip Erdogan, hiện kiểm soát hầu hết các tập
đoàn truyền thông của quốc gia này. Ngoài ra còn có các quốc gia như Burundi,
Afganistan, Pakistan, và Mexico.
____
RSF
Press release
2-11-2016
Most of these press freedom
predators have been preying on the media for years, some for decades.
To draw attention to the impunity
they enjoy, RSF has completed a form for each of these predators. It identifies
their favourite attack techniques, their enforcers, their favourite targets,
their official discourse ¬– blatant threats by some, complete denial by others
– and their kill tally, in some cases only too real.
Each form also gives the – usually
very low – ranking of the predator’s country in RSF’s World Press Freedom
Index.
Their predatory techniques vary.
Some use enforcers to torture and murder. Some use mass arrests and arbitrary
imprisonment. Others employ more sophisticated methods such as terrorism laws,
lèse-majesté charges or financial asphyxiation. The list is not exhaustive,
naming only those who distinguished themselves the most in the past year.
“These predators are the ones who
most trample on media freedom and commit the worst atrocities against
journalists without being held to account,” RSF secretary-general Christophe
Deloire said. “The way to break the vicious cycle of impunity is to appoint a
United Nations special representative for protecting journalists.”
New predators replace old ones
As in the past, most of the
predators are presidents or prime ministers of such countries as Singapore,
Thailand, Cuba, Eritrea, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo and South Sudan.
The list’s new entrants include
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who now controls most of his country’s
media groups. The state of emergency introduced in July after a failed coup
d’état gave him the opportunity to arrest more than 200 journalists and shut
down more than 100 newspapers, magazines, TV channels and radio stations.
The fans of mass round-ups and
arbitrary detention include Egypt’s Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi, who was elected
president in 2014 after leading the military coup against the Muslim
Brotherhood government in July 2013. His regime hounds journalists with any
kind of link to the Muslim Brotherhood. Similarly, Prayut Chan-O-Cha,
Thailand’s junta chief and prime minister, has been gagging not only
journalists, media outlets and bloggers, but also performers, intellectuals,
academics and his political opponents ever since he introduced martial law in
May 2014.
In Burundi, President Pierre
Nkurunziza began cracking down on the media in 2015, starting with those that
covered a coup attempt by opponents of his plan to run for an unconstitutional
third term. The persecution has taken many forms, including judicial
harassment, arbitrary imprisonment, broadcasting and publication bans,
beatings, torture and disappearances.
Since succeeding his brother
Abdullah as Saudi Arabia’s king, Salman bin Abdelaziz Al Saud has embodied the
heritage of a dynasty that has always been hostile to media freedom.
Venezuela’s President Nicolás Maduro has his own methods for silencing media
outlets. He got friends to buy El Universal and Globovisión, triggering a wave
of dismissals and resignations. He orchestrates newsprint shortages to silence
newspapers and he uses a law that criminalizes any content that may “call into
question legitimately constituted authority.”
Those 35 predators who trample on
media freedom
In the religious extremist section,
Islamic State stops at nothing to impose terror, kidnapping and murdering
journalists who do not swear allegiance, while Bangladesh’s Ansarullah Bangla
Team posts lists of alleged blasphemers (secularist bloggers and freethinkers)
on Facebook and calls for them to be murdered.
In Afghanistan and Pakistan, the
Taliban continue their barbaric and deadly practices, turning the areas they
control into information black holes where journalism is impossible. In Yemen,
there have been countless abductions and disappearances of journalists and
accounts of detainees being tortured under the Houthis, a Shia political
movement that took control of the capital and most of the country in 2014,
storming the studios of Al-Jazeera, Al-Yamane-Shabab and Yemen-Digital Media.
The Mexican crime cartel known as
Los Zetas has seen several of its leaders arrested but it continues a campaign
of terror based on the use of murder, abduction and the most barbaric forms of
violence.
A few predators have disappeared
from the list since 2013, either because they are no longer in power, like Sri
Lanka’s Mahinda Rajapaksa, because they died (Mullah Mohammad Omar and
Uzbekistan’s Islam Karimov) or because they are no longer so predatory, like
the rebel and paramilitary groups in Colombia, where the September peace
agreement, although rejected in a referendum, bodes well for the country’s
journalists.
